This refers to the fact that under certain conditions people will preference and have affinity for one's
in-group over the out-
group, or
Kaynak: Ingroups and outgroupsIn-group favoritism, sometimes known as
in-group–out-
group bias,
in-group bias, or intergroup bias, refers to a pattern of favoring members
Kaynak: In-group favoritism In-group and out-
group: "
in-group" (the individual and those they believe to be of the same culture or race) or an "out-
group" (people not
Kaynak: Morality In what has been dubbed the Positive-Negative Asymmetry Phenomenon, researchers have shown that punishing the
in-group less benefits self-
Kaynak: Social identity theorysomething trivial such as a coin toss those participants exhibited
in-group favouritism , giving preferential treatment to
in-group members
Kaynak: PrejudiceIn sociology, the term ethnic nepotism describes a human tendency for
in-group bias or
in-group favouritism applied by nepotism for
Kaynak: Ethnic nepotismUchi-soto in the Japanese language is the distinction between
in-group s (uchi, 内, "inside") and out-
groups (soto, 外, "outside").
Kaynak: Uchi-sotoIn-group and out-
group bias: Cremer et al. began a study expecting that people high in CSE engaged in indirect enhancement of the
in-group.
Kaynak: Collective self-esteem also show a significant tendency to allocate more money or points to
in-group members than to out-
group members Importantly, this strategy
Kaynak: Minimal group paradigmResearch shows the
in-group members usually receive higher performance evaluations from the leader, higher satisfaction, and faster
Kaynak: Leadershipsense of duty and share beliefs with other allocentrics among their
in-group Allocentric people appear to see themselves as an extension of
Kaynak: Allocentrismby which a perceiver will come to see themselves in a way more consistent with stereotypes about their
in-group than they otherwise would.
Kaynak: Self-stereotypingIn addition to
in-group salience, an individual will only feel collective guilt if he or she views the
in-group as responsible for the
Kaynak: Guilt (emotion)involves favorable perceptions and behaviors directed towards the
in-group, but negative perceptions and behaviors directed towards the out-
Kaynak: Social psychologyprejudice's main social function is creating and maintaining the
in-group's social cohesiveness, united against a constructed foe or enemy
Kaynak: Angst und VorurteilThis choice of communication styles translates into a culture that will cater to
in-groups, an
in-group being a
group that has similar
Kaynak: High and low context culturesThis, in turn, derives from earlier sociological theories of
in-groups and out-
groups (Shimp & Sharma, 1987). normal for an
in-group to an
Kaynak: Consumer ethnocentrism