There are two main forms of
isomerism: structural
isomerism and stereoisomerism (spatial
isomerism). Forms Structural isomers
Kaynak: IsomerIn organic chemistry , cis/trans
isomerism (also known as geometric
isomerism, or E/Z
isomerism) is a form of stereoisomerism describing
Kaynak: Cis–trans isomerismIn chemistry , conformational
isomerism is a form of stereoisomerism in which the isomer s can be interconverted exclusively by rotations
Kaynak: Conformational isomerismStructural
isomerism, or constitutional
isomerism (per IUPAC ), is a form of
isomerism in which molecule s with the same molecular formula
Kaynak: Structural isomerEndo-exo
isomerism is a special type of
isomerism found in organic compound s with a substituent on a bridged ring system.
Kaynak: Endo-exo isomerismLinkage
isomerism is the existence of co-ordination compound s that have the same composition differing with the connectivity of the metal
Kaynak: Linkage isomerismCoordination
isomerism is a form of structural
isomerism in which the composition of the complex ion varies. In a coordination isomer
Kaynak: Coordination isomerismLigand
isomerism is a type of structural isomer ism which arises from the presence of ligand s which can adopt different isomeric forms.
Kaynak: Ligand isomerismmorph form) Hence, optical
isomerism (which occurs due to these same mirror-image properties) is now commonly referred to as enantiomerism.
Kaynak: EnantiomerCis-trans and E-Z
isomerism: Cis-trans
isomerism | E-Z notation Stereoisomerism about double bonds arises because rotation about the double
Kaynak: StereoisomerismThere are four types of structural
isomerism: ionisation
isomerism, solvate or hydrate
isomerism, linkage
isomerism and coordination
Kaynak: Coordination complexElectromerism is a type of
isomerism between a pair of molecule s (electromers, electro-isomers) differing in the way electron s are
Kaynak: ElectromerismConformational
isomerism , a form of stereoisomerism in chemistry. Carbohydrate conformation Cyclohexane conformation Protein conformation
Kaynak: Conformationare the classical example of conformational
isomerism and have noticeable influence on the physical and chemical properties of cyclohexane.
Kaynak: Cyclohexane conformationIt is the simplest alkene exhibiting cis/trans-
isomerism (also known as (E/Z)-
isomerism); that is, it exists as two geometrical isomer s
Kaynak: 2-ButeneTautomerism is a special case of structural
isomerism and can play an important role in non-canonical base pair ing in DNA and
Kaynak: Tautomercan be special versions of staggered conformations called gauche and anti; see first Newman projection diagram in Conformational
isomerism .
Kaynak: Staggered conformation